snack

If you’ve already taken the ‘Should you live in Japan‘ quiz and decided that ‘Yes!’ you probably should, your next step is to compare the country you live in now to Japan. It’s a great way to see the challenges you might face and how they will differ from your current daily life.

Join me as together we embark on a comparative journey, drawing from my experiences living in Japan for the past year, and my comprehensive (slightly addictive…) research on life in the United States. We’ll delve into essential aspects such as the cost of living, safety, convenience, cultural distinctions, entertainment options, and more.

Whether you’re contemplating an international move or simply seeking to gain deeper insights into life in these two distinctively different countries, you’ll find something

Work-Life Balance

America

The work-life balance for Americans isn’t always ideal. While companies offer remote work options and a whole heap of flexibility, there are still a lot of companies that don’t.

For instance, there are often jobs available to those who need them (average youth unemployment of 8% compared to places like the UK at around 12% as of 2023), but what you trade for that easier employment may be longer hours and shorter vacation times.

That said, the flexibility of being able to change jobs can be ideal. The idea of having one job/career for your entire life has well and truly come and gone. 40-hour weeks at the same company for the rest of time? I’ll pass.

Japan

In Japan, a strong work ethic is deeply ingrained, particularly among older generations. The commitment to hard work is seen as crucial which creates an intense work environment.

Unlike in the US, spending your entire life working for a single company is a fairly common occurrence. The big issue here is that promotions and rewards are usually given for the time served at the company.

Overtime practices in Japan have a complex history in Japan as well. If you ever work in Japan (for a Japanese company) you’ll probably have to abide by a number of social rules that may not make sense to you.

For instance, you’ll be expected to turn up well before your shift actually starts (because apparently, it takes time to prepare), and you can forget overtime pay for doing this. There are other unwritten rules too such as not leaving until your boss does (0 overtime pay), and not being able to take your suit jacket off if it’s hot because it doesn’t look professional.

Of course, this doesn’t happen in all companies, but it’s absolutely something you should be prepared for.

Cultural traditions like Japan’s “nomikais,” or social drinking gatherings, are something else that impacts social dynamics. Similar informal socializing occurs in the United States I’m sure, but declining an invitation to an ‘optional’ nomikai would be seen as rude and unprofessional, even if you don’t drink.

Salaries

America

According to Yahoo Finance, as of 2023, the average salary in America is $59,428. The U.S. job market is renowned for its competitive wages and lucrative employment opportunities, specifically in tech. (although this last year has looked a little bit iffy…)

However, with a diverse economy encompassing various sectors like technology, finance, healthcare, and entertainment, by living in America you’re almost guaranteed a higher wage no matter what area you work in, certainly compared to Japan.

Meritocracy is usually the way that most employees are promoted or climb up the corporate ladder, based on their skills and performance. This, in turn, can lead to substantial salary increases.

Japan

When I compared Japan to the UK a few weeks ago, I noted how bad Japanese salaries were. Believe it or not, 3 weeks on nothing has changed haha!

In case you missed that post I basically said how I have seen adult salaries as low as ¥961 an hour (Japan’s minimum wage in 2022 works out at $7.18) which is lower than the mandated US minimum wage of $7.25.

I thought the wage was going to be a lot higher in America than in Japan, but perhaps America just has far more options to earn big money later on in your career. For instance, I’ve only seen Tech jobs in Japan around $70-$80K, but I know in America that these can go up to stupid money.

Cost of Living

America

While the United States boasts higher salaries, it’s always important to take into consideration the cost of living at the same time. In the US, this can vary widely depending on the state and city you choose to reside in.

In major metropolitan areas like New York City, San Francisco, or Los Angeles, the cost of living tends to be significantly higher. Housing costs, in particular, can be absolutely ridiculous, with sky-high rents or property prices. Healthcare expenses can also be a significant concern, as the U.S. healthcare system operates differently from many other countries and can lead to substantial medical bills, even with insurance.

On the flip side, there are regions in the U.S., especially in the Midwest and South, where the cost of living is more affordable. Housing costs, for instance, are generally lower, and day-to-day expenses, such as groceries and transportation, can be more budget-friendly.

Japan

Train travel in Japan is dirt cheap (I don’t care what anyone tells you) for what it is. Eating out is cheap, buying food is a little more expensive depending on what you get, and everything else is fairly relevant to your lifestyle.

For instance, if you’re spending most of your time buying food from the local konbini, you’re sacrificing cheaper deals for convenience. Don’t get me wrong, that food is flipping wonderful, but it does come at a cost.

Cinemas seem to be a little on the expensive side, entrance to events or parks or places is incredibly cheap ($1-$2 on the whole), and there are more than enough options to buy clothing and household items cheaply.

Culture

America

American culture is known for its lively mix of people from around the world, resulting in a blend of customs and traditions. This melting pot of cultures (more prominent in the cities) means you can find diverse celebrations and foods all across the country, from Thanksgiving to Chinese New Year.

What’s particularly American is the belief in personal freedom and the idea that with hard work, anyone can succeed. This means starting businesses and coming up with innovative solutions and ideas is a fairly common occurrence.

Whether it’s technology or small local shops, people in America have a can-do attitude that encourages innovation and individual achievement (something that often suffers in Japan).

Japan

Japan on the other hand is a little different. A familiar saying I hear roughly translates to “The nail that sticks out gets hammered down.” I don’t know if that’s the case all the time, but it definitely holds true in a lot of situations, specifically business and life expectation-wise.

One of the bigger differences, and one of the challenges I faced when moving out here was how everyone keeps themselves to themselves. If you’re used to saying hello to people in the street or smiling as you pass them, that’s something you won’t get here in Japan

In some circumstances that’s great, but other times I miss chatting with random strangers about things as mundane as the weather. That said, it will likely differ depending on where you’re moving to in Japan or the US, and what your social circle is like.

In Japan, order and hierarchy are also very important in many aspects of life. This can be seen in the way people speak, dress and interact with each other. It is important to be aware of these rules so as not to offend or embarrass anyone while in Japan.

Though, as a foreigner, you’ll often be excused from not being 100% right, despite the length of time you’ve lived out here for. Something that can be both a blessing and a curse at the same time.

Public Transportation

America

Public transportation in the United States varies significantly from one city to another due to the country’s size separate states. In areas such as New York City, San Francisco, and Chicago, extensive public transportation networks exist, including subways, buses, and commuter trains. These systems provide relatively efficient and convenient ways to navigate the city, reducing the need for personal vehicles.

However, while American transport might be decently reliable in the big cities, it’s not gonna be clean.

In smaller cities and rural areas, public transportation options can be limited, and reliance on personal cars is often more common. The availability and quality of public transportation can also vary within cities, with some neighborhoods having better access than others.

Japan

I love Japanese public transport, and I think you’d struggle to find someone who doesn’t agree with me. It’s clean, fast, and efficient.

The most popular mode of transport in Japan is the train, which runs almost 24/7 on some routes. The Shinkansen bullet trains are one of the fastest ways to get from city to city, reaching high speeds of up to 320 km/h (200 mph). They’ve also got a famous Japanese sleeper train which isn’t fast, but it’s so flipping cool!

Because the entire country is serviced well with transport links, there’s rarely a case when you’re going to need a car. It’ll make traveling to more remote places a lot easier, but you can get to most of the places you’ll need to.

There are a variety of forms of public transportation available including buses, taxis, and ferries. Buses are perhaps my second most used form of public transport since moving to Japan and they’re just as reliable as trains.

Education

America

From kindergarten through grade 12, the country provides free public education, although the quality can vary between school districts. America is also famous for having some of the best Universities in the world, and people travel from thousands of miles around to attend them.

Unfortunately a lot of these Universities also come with massive fees as well as rigorous entry requirements which means the admission process is extremely competitive.

Japan

Education in Japan is highly valued, and there are very high expectations placed on children from an early age. We know one main benefit of those high expectations is incredibly clean streets and, in general, more respectful pupils.

Education begins at age 5 with compulsory attendance of elementary school through to grade 6 when they complete junior high school. After this comes high school, which lasts until age 18 when students graduate.

University tuition fees in Japan are also much more affordable than in the US (and a lot of the world), with some institutions charging around $5000 a year for undergraduate courses. This is still expensive compared to some places but much cheaper than most American universities.

The curriculum is quite broad and includes a range of traditional academic subjects but also focuses on practical skills. This means that students in Japan can develop both their academic knowledge as well as their practical skills which can be beneficial for future employment opportunities and real-world situations.

Food

America

American food is BIG, but there’s also a huge variety. In the South, they love things like fried chicken and greens, which are super tasty. Down in the Southwest, it’s all about Mexican-style food like tacos and burritos, which have a spicy kick.

Up in the Northeast, they’re big fans of seafood, like clam chowder and lobster rolls. And in the Midwest, they’re famous for simple, satisfying foods like burgers and hot dogs.

Possibly the most stereotypical paragraphs I’ve ever written, so take that with a pinch of salt!

America is also famous all over the world for its fast food. Perhaps most notable is the sheer size of it. I’m telling you now that if you’re used to American-sized portions, you’re gonna have the shock of your life moving to Japan!

Big portions do exist in Japan, but they’re not regularly that size.

Japan

Japan has thousands of Konbini selling Japanese snacks and food 24 hours a day. There are slightly fewer ‘sweet’ style foods and far fewer chocolate options than there are in the US. On the whole, you’re likely to find way less sugar on the shelves!

However, after living in Japan for about 6-months, I realized there actually was quite a lot of ‘sweet’ foods, it’s just not done in the same way that it was in the US. For instance, I really miss those fizzy gummy sweets, and Japan doesn’t have any kind of pick n mix which is a bit of a shame.

On the flip side, they have strawberry cream sandwiches and more cakes than I could ever dream of – so once again it comes down to preference!

Just remember to give yourself some time to adapt, and you’ll be fine 🙂

Safety

America

Safety in the United States is influenced by a mix of factors. Crime rates can vary widely from place to place, with some areas experiencing lower levels of crime and others facing higher instances, particularly in violent crimes.

The country’s high rate of firearm ownership also impacts safety, with different gun control laws in different states. Natural disasters, such as hurricanes, tornadoes, and wildfires, are significant safety concerns in certain areas, and preparedness and response efforts differ by region.

Japan

In terms of safety, Japan is statistically one of the best places to live in the world. It’s rare to hear about any kind of violent crime happening (though of course, it still does).

One of the biggest differences I’ve noticed since living in Japan is the lack of theft. People fall asleep with laptops and phones in their hands, and no one bats an eyelid.

It’s common for people to leave computers at cafe tables while they go to the toilet, and feel more than confident that they won’t get taken. I’m not quite at that level, but I feel completely happy walking around with a camera, phone, and computer at the same time.

In 2022, the citizens of Tokyo handed in a ridiculously large ¥3bn in cash, that’s around $30m. How crazy is that?

Healthcare

America

The United States has a unique healthcare system that blends both public and private elements. A dominant feature is the reliance on private health insurance, with many Americans obtaining coverage through their employers or purchasing individual plans.

Government programs like Medicare and Medicaid provide coverage to specific groups, but gaps in insurance persist, leaving a significant portion of the population uninsured or underinsured. This can lead to individuals facing financial barriers to essential medical care, sometimes resulting in delayed treatments or medical debt.

While it might cost a lot, and may not be available to everyone, the care received is generally of a high level.

Japan

Japan has a great healthcare system as well, and it’s a lot cheaper which makes high level care accessible to practically everyone. You have to register with the local government and then pay into their insurance scheme, which usually costs around ¥20,000 ($190) a year.

That said, the amount you actually pay is completely based on your income level. If you’re self-employed and not earning that much, take a trip down to the local government ward office and explain your situation. I’ve always found everyone down there extremely helpful!

In terms of doctors’ appointments, these are usually quite cheap and reasonably accessible (depending on where you live).

In Japan, if you’ve correctly signed up for the national health insurance scheme, you’ll be responsible for paying 30% of the fees, and the government will pay the remaining 70%.

Thankfully I haven’t had to claim this or figure it out firsthand, but I’ve heard from others that it makes things more than affordable. If you’re coming over from the US, I imagine it would seem fantastically cheap!

Wildlife

America

From grizzly bears in Alaska to alligators in the Florida Everglades, it’s safe to say there’s a lot out there! The size of America means there are a variety of habitats for animals to call their home. Hot, cold, wet, or dry, America has probably got something that lives there.

There’s a number of things that I’d guess would very much like to eat you, but it’s not something you’ll need to worry about daily unless you live in an unsafe area.

Japan

Japan, on the other hand, doesn’t seem as alive in the wildlife department. I mean this more in terms of the residential wildlife, where I’ve seen maybe 1 tanuki, a few birds, and a couple of neighborhood cats. That’s it!

In terms of actually dangerous animals, Japan is home to a few species that be deadly. The biggest one is the Japanese Giant Hornet which has a nasty sting and can cause anaphylactic shock if you’re allergic.

There’s also a massive centipede that I can’t even face doing research into (a smaller centipede landed on my head earlier this year…), and mountain bears. It definitely has a smaller array of wildlife when it comes to the US vs Japan, but still a lot more than somewhere like the UK.

Entertainment

America

From grabbing a morning coffee at a neighborhood cafe to exploring local boutiques and lunch spots, cities and towns across the country provide numerous opportunities to explore. The culture of dining out, whether at restaurants or food trucks, is a significant part of American life, especially in the cities.

Sports, a major source of daily entertainment, is abig part of many American’s lives. Additionally, outdoor activities like hiking in nearby parks, jogging, are equally as popular.

Japan

In Japan, entertainment is turned up to 11. Karaoke bars are a must-do, and there are plenty of arcades where you can try your luck at the claw machine. If not, try a puri kura, take a trip to a gacha gacha spot, or perhaps grab a spot of lunch in a cat cafe.

If that’s not your thing, wander down to your local izakaya for a chilled-out drink with the locals and some karaage!

Perhaps due to the culture or maybe the huge amount of entertainment options available, it’s a far more social scene than it is in the US. It’s not unusual to see groups of friends heading to the arcades, or couples going on dates to the gacha gacha machines.

It’s hard to explain unless you’ve come over to Japan on holiday and experienced it firsthand. Once you have, you’ll know exactly what all the hype is about.

Drinking Culture and Alcohol

America

Social drinking is common, with gatherings at bars, pubs, and restaurants being popular for daily socializing. Many Americans enjoy a casual drink, whether it’s a glass of wine, a craft beer, or a cocktail, as part of their life.

The legal drinking age in the U.S. is 21, and laws around alcohol vary by state. While alcohol is readily available in most places, there is a growing trend towards responsible drinking and an increased interest in craft beverages, including locally brewed beers and artisanal spirits.

Japan

In Japan, it looks a little different on the outside, but given a closer look things are a lot more similar. Drinking is certainly still accepted and popular (just take one look at the selection of beers in any convenience store), but it’s a lot less open than it is in the US. Some have suggested that behind closed doors, Japan has a drinking problem that it can’t admit.

I can’t shed too much light on how true that article is, but after Japan’s government pretty much told its youth to ‘Drink up‘, it wouldn’t be surprising.

It’s also worth referencing the prevalence of shops that specifically sell alcohol. So instead of popping to Walmart to grab a few beers, you’ll go to a shop that stocks loads of different types of alcohol as well as snacks specifically made for pairing with your drinks.

Driving

America

Driving is a common way for Americans to get around. Many people rely on their cars for daily transportation, whether it’s going to work, running errands, or taking road trips. The legal driving age varies by state but is typically between 16 and 18.

While public transportation like buses and trains exists, it’ may not be as widely available in all areas’s not as effective as it is in Japan, possibly due to the sheer size of America

Japan

While a lot of people drive in Japan, the country as a whole is more set up for public transport as you’re likely aware.

It’s going to be hard to buy a car in Japan unless you’re fluent in Japanese or have a friend who is. And if you do end up buying one, it’s probably going to be a kei car!

In terms of learning to drive in Japan, it’s not uncommon for it to cost $3-4K, though if you’re just looking to switch licenses from your home country to Japan it’ll be less. The failure rate is higher for those looking to switch due to the bad habits they’ve picked up, so be prepared that you may not pass on your first go.

Weather

America

Weather in the United States varies widely because of the country’s size and geography. In the Northeast, winters can be intensely cold, while the South enjoys milder winters and hot, humid summers. The West Coast has mild, wet winters and warm, dry summers. The Midwest has four distinct seasons, including warm summers and cold winters.

The U.S. is also known for its extreme weather events. Hurricanes can affect the Gulf and East Coasts, tornadoes are common in the Midwest, wildfires can occur in the West, and Northern states experience blizzards. Some regions face droughts, while others contend with periodic flooding.

Japan

Japan seems to have more absolute seasons across the whole country. Winter in Japan is usually filled with an abundance of snow (because Japan is the snowiest place in the world), and summer is normally horrifically humid (future Jonny whos just been through a Japanese Summer can confirm…), especially if you’re nearer to Tokyo.

Housing

America

Housing in the United States is quite diverse, offering a range of options to suit different needs and preferences. You can find single-family homes, apartments, condos, townhouses, and even mobile homes. The choice often depends on where you want to live and what fits your lifestyle.

Unfortunately, that doesn’t make things any less affordable.

Many people aim to own their homes, and there’s a well-established system for getting mortgages to make that happen. Suburbs often have single-family homes, while cities have more apartments. But renting is common too, especially in urban areas where apartments and houses are available for lease.

Japan

According to Pacific Prime, ‘rent for a family living in Japan costs $1,049 a month on average vs. $2,331 a month in the USA. I don’t rent in either the US or Tokyo so I can’t confirm or deny it, but what I do know is that space is a big issue in Tokyo.

While finding an affordable house in America vs Japan is likely to be a big challenge, Tokyo suffers from even less space than its American counterparts.

From my brief look into rental prices in Japan’s capital, the prices did seem a little more affordable, at least for what you’re getting. However, renting in Japan comes with a whole host of potential issues and complications, though that’s a story for another day.

Looking for a cheap house in Japan for under $50k? Cheap Houses Japan is worth checking out. The guy who runs the incredibly popular Instagram page sends through a newsletter with the best of what Japan has to offer in terms of cheap accommodation. Some of them are under $10k, and while they do need a little TLC, they’re perfect for living out your Studio Ghibli-inspired dreams!

Job opportunities

America

Job opportunities in the United States are diverse, spanning a wide range of industries. Whether you’re interested in technology, healthcare, finance, education, or manufacturing, you can find employment options to suit your interests and skills.

America has a strong entrepreneurial culture, making it an attractive destination for those looking to start their own businesses or join startups. The technology sector, particularly in Silicon Valley, offers numerous positions in fields like software development and cybersecurity.

Though as I said earlier in the article, I’m not sure those positions are hiring as abundantly as they once were.

Japan

As we discussed earlier on, Japan seems to be stuck on a low minimum wage and that’s not good for anyone. That said, if you’re coming over to Japan, the chances are high that you’ll end up being an English teacher, a profession that pays fairly decently (though requires an intense commitment).

If you’re looking to become a translator or work in IT, or finance, you’ll probably be compensated well. If you end up working in a shop or doing work that perhaps doesn’t require further qualification, you won’t be making too much extra cash. But if you’re running out of cash, here are 20 ways to make extra money in Japan.

US vs Japan: Which is better?

If you’re looking for a country where to can climb the corporate ladder and increase your earning potential (while still having a life), America is a no-brainer. In all other circumstances, I see no reason not to move to Japan, even if it’s just for a year.

This country has given me more than I ever could have imagined possible, and I urge anyone considering moving to Japan, to do it. Here are some pros and cons of living in Japan to prepare you for the journey ahead!

Life in Japan is great. I wholeheartedly suggest anyone thinking about living here to make that leap of faith and do it. However, it’s not all sunshine and roses and that’s something that a lot of you should take into account before making the decision.

As such, I’ve made a list of 32 pros and cons of living in Japan. All of which I’ve taken from my own experience of living here for the past year.

If you’re still unsure about whether you should move to Japan, take a look at this quiz I’ve made specifically to help you figure that out. Anyway, on with the (absolutely gigantic) list!

1. Pro: Rich cultural scene

Japan’s rich cultural heritage is a fantastic reason to consider living here. It’s a country where centuries-old traditions coexist with modernity. From ancient tea ceremonies and calligraphy to the contemporary world of anime and J-pop, Japan offers a diverse environment to live in.

You can explore historic temples and shrines that stand alongside towering skyscrapers, attend traditional festivals, and engage in activities like martial arts or any number of Japanese hobbies.

The seasonal celebrations, such as cherry blossom viewing in Spring (hanami) or Summer festivals (matsuri), are experiences you won’t find anywhere else. Whether you’re savoring authentic Japanese cuisine in a local izakaya, meditating in tranquil Zen gardens, or simply participating in everyday customs, the culture you’ll experience in this country is one of the most popular reasons you should live in Japan.

2. Con: High cost of living

Now, let’s talk about the high cost of living in Japan, something I’ve unfortunately experienced firsthand during my time here.

First up, it’s important to be aware that Japan consistently ranks as one of the most expensive countries to live in.

From housing to groceries, daily expenses can quickly add up. Rent for even a modest apartment in the major cities can be quite steep, and property sizes tend to be smaller compared to what you might be used to. On the bright side, there’s often a fair amount of accommodation choice, though.

The cost of food can also be higher than in many other countries, especially if you prefer imported or specialty items. Fruit is one example, and while I’m not saying all Japanese fruit is expensive, it’s certainly more of a treat for us.

However, one of the main things people often complain about being expensive is the public transport system, something which I’ve had the complete opposite experience with. Perhaps that’s because I used to live in the UK because honestly, they don’t seem to be too bad!

That being said, there are ways to manage expenses, like seeking out more affordable housing options (box room, anyone?…) or dining at a number of cheap places.

3. Pro: Exceptional public transportation

Talking of the public transport system in Japan, it was one of the main reasons I decided to live here. I’ve found it to be one of the most convenient and efficient ways to get around, and it’s a significant advantage of living here.

Firstly, Japan’s trains are renowned for their punctuality and reliability. The extensive network connects cities, towns, and even the most remote rural areas, making it remarkably easy to explore the country.

They’re clean, safe, and easy to navigate, with signs and announcements often in both Japanese and English (for the most part). The convenience of public transportation extends to buses and trams, too, ensuring that you can reach your destination efficiently, even if it’s off the beaten path.

As I don’t own a car, these have been an absolute live saver while living here in Japan!

So, whether it’s commuting to work, embarking on a weekend adventure, or simply getting around town, Japan’s public transportation system is a massive plus and definitely a reason you should live in Japan.

4. Con: Language barrier for non-Japanese speakers

Now, let’s address a significant challenge that non-Japanese speakers often encounter when living in Japan: the language barrier. I’ve faced this hurdle personally, and it’s crucial to be aware of it before making the decision.

While Japan is a modern and developed country, English proficiency among the general population, particularly outside major urban centers, can be quite limited. Signs, menus, and official documents are often primarily in Japanese, which can be daunting if you don’t speak or read the language.

If you’re in the process of learning Japanese, then this could technically come under the pros and cons of living in Japan, but I’m telling you now that either way, it won’t be easy.

This language barrier can affect various aspects of daily life. Simple tasks like grocery shopping or ordering food can become challenging without basic Japanese language skills. Communication with healthcare providers, government offices, or in emergencies can be even more complex.

While there are efforts to make Japan more accessible to non-Japanese speakers, such as increased English signage in major cities, learning at least some basic Japanese can greatly improve your experience living here. It’s worth considering language classes or language exchange programs to help bridge this gap.

It’ll be pretty isolating if you live in Japan and can’t speak the language, especially if you’re based outside a major city.

5. Pro: Low crime rates

You’ve probably heard it before, but one of the main reasons you should consider living in Japan is the remarkably low crime rates.

Japan consistently ranks as one of the safest countries globally, particularly when it comes to violent crimes. Major cities like Tokyo, Osaka, and Kyoto boast incredibly low crime rates, and even in less urban areas, the feeling of security is always there.

This means you can confidently explore the city at night (though maybe give Kabukicho a miss!), let your children walk to school independently, or even leave your bicycle unlocked without fearing theft.

I mean, things still happen so while you can do most things, that’s not to say you definitely should. However, I’ve not once felt intimidated or been under the impression that my belongings were at risk of being taken.

6. Con: Intense work culture with long hours

If you work for a Japanese company as opposed to a Western one, you’re likely to be at the mercy of the infamously intense work culture.

In Japan, it’s not uncommon for employees to work extended hours, including overtime and weekends. This work ethic can lead to a demanding and exhausting work-life balance, with many individuals feeling pressured to prioritize work over personal time and family.

For expatriates, adapting to this work environment can be particularly challenging, as it may clash with expectations or practices from their home countries. It’s essential to be prepared for the potential impact on your personal life and free time when considering a move to Japan.

If you’re looking for a more chilled-out time at work, unless you’re working for a forward-thinking company then this may be one of the reasons you shouldn’t live in Japan. And this is all before we’ve even mentioned the strange ‘work laws’ like not leaving before your boss, turning up an hour before your shift and not being paid, and not taking your jacket off if it’s hot, among others.

7. Pro: High-quality healthcare system

Coming from the UK, I was a little concerned about moving to Japan where you do technically have to pay for health insurance. However, that quickly changed when I realized I only have to pay monthly insurance (fairly cheap) and then 30% of the hospital bill while the government pays the other 70%.

Japan’s healthcare system is known for its excellence and accessibility. Medical facilities are mainly modern, well-equipped, and staffed by highly trained professionals who maintain rigorous medical standards. Whether you’re a resident or a visitor, on the whole, you can expect top-notch medical care.

What’s particularly commendable is the emphasis on preventive care. Regular health check-ups are actively encouraged and often subsidized (I’ve applied for a few jobs in Japan that include this), ensuring that potential health issues are identified early. Health insurance, as we just spoke about, is mandatory for residents and is designed to be both affordable and comprehensive.

As far as the healthcare system is concerned, it’s definitely a reason you should live in Japan. If you’re from the US, I’d imagine it will be far cheaper than what you’re used to.

8. Con: Limited living space in major cities

In densely populated urban areas, space comes at a premium. Apartments and houses tend to be compact, which can be quite an adjustment if you’re accustomed to more spacious living quarters. It’s not unusual to find living spaces that are cozy, to say the least, and this can be particularly noticeable if you have a family.

The limited living space extends to storage as well. Many apartments don’t have the generous closets or storage areas found in some other countries, so efficient organization becomes a necessity. Additionally, rent prices in major cities can be relatively high, further emphasizing the need for careful budgeting and space optimization.

While this may not be a deal-breaker for everyone, it’s important to be prepared for the potential adjustment if you’re considering living in Japan’s bustling urban centers. Balancing the convenience of city life with the limited living space is a practical consideration that many people contend with.

On the plus side, there are a lot of places available to rent, so technically no matter what your budget is, you’ll be able to find something. It might just be a little… boxy!

9. Pro: Beautiful natural landscapes

One of the incredible pros of living in Japan is the opportunity to immerse oneself in its stunning natural landscapes. These breathtaking natural wonders are something I’ve come to fall in love with during my time here.

The country is renowned for its beautiful cherry blossoms in spring, which blanket parks and streets in delicate pink hues. The vibrant foliage of autumn is equally mesmerizing, with fiery red and golden leaves transforming the countryside.

For outdoor enthusiasts, Japan offers abundant opportunities for hiking, skiing, and exploring its national parks. Iconic spots like Mount Fuji, the Japanese Alps, and the lush countryside of Kyoto provide a scenic backdrop for adventure and relaxation alike.

One of the best things about this is how close they are to cities, sometimes they’re practically intertwined. Whether it’s a leisurely walk in a local park or an ambitious trek through pristine wilderness, Japan’s natural landscapes are easily one of the best reasons to live here.

Japan is beautiful, and there’s simply no getting around it.

10. Con: Earthquake and natural disaster risk

Living in Japan does come with the drawback of being exposed to a relatively high risk of earthquakes and natural disasters, and this is a factor that residents, including myself, need to be mindful of.

Japan sits along the Pacific Ring of Fire, a volatile zone prone to seismic activity. Earthquakes are relatively common occurrences. While stringent building codes and early warning systems are in place, the potential for strong earthquakes is a part of life here.

I’ve been in a number of earthquakes during my time living in Japan, though the vast majority of them are basically just glorified wobbles.

In addition to earthquakes, Japan is also susceptible to other natural disasters like typhoons (there’s one poking around at the moment I think…), tsunamis, and volcanic eruptions. Typhoon season, in particular, can disrupt daily life with heavy rains and strong winds.

Being prepared for these events is essential. It’s advisable to have an emergency kit, be informed about evacuation procedures, and have a plan in place in case of natural disasters. While the risk is a reality, Japan’s infrastructure and preparedness measures help mitigate the impact. Nonetheless, this is an aspect of living in Japan that requires vigilance and readiness.

11. Pro: Tasty food

I think this is going to be a reason you should move to Japan for a lot of people. Moving to Japan almost certainly means changing your day-to-day diet, and that’ll have more of an effect on you than you might realize.

The food over here is diverse and offers an array of flavors and textures. From the simplicity and elegance of sushi to the comforting warmth of ramen and the sizzle of teppanyaki, there’s something for everyone.

Whether you’re dining at a Michelin-starred restaurant or grabbing a quick bite from a street vendor, the quality of the food is pretty damn great.

What’s more, each region of Japan boasts its own unique dishes and specialties, making eating food in Japan an ongoing adventure. The emphasis on seasonality means you’ll always find fresh, ingredients in your meals, that’s something I’m not complaining about!

12. Con: Strict immigration policies

Yup, this is one that’s affected me more than a few times.

One of the significant drawbacks I’ve encountered while living in Japan is the country’s strict immigration policies. These policies, as you might have guessed, can present challenges for foreigners who wish to live and work in Japan.

Japan’s immigration regulations are known for their complexity and often bureaucratically annoying processes. Obtaining a long-term visa, especially for work purposes, can be a lengthy and sometimes arduous process. The criteria for eligibility can be stringent, and the documentation and paperwork required can be quite extensive.

Additionally, there are limited options for permanent residency, and the process can be demanding. For the most part, the government’s approach to immigration is cautious, which means that even skilled professionals or individuals seeking to reunite with family members may face obstacles in securing the necessary visas.

While Japan has taken steps to make its immigration policies more accessible and welcoming to foreigners, it remains a challenging aspect for many expatriates. I’m fairly certain they released another type of visa in an effort to lure high earners to the country but you have to have graduated from one of the world’s top universities to qualify… -_-

13. Pro: Pop culture scene

Japan’s pop culture is known worldwide for its impact on music, fashion, film, anime, manga, and more. The influence of pop culture is plain to see in practically every part of the country, from the bustling streets of Tokyo to the smallest towns.

I suppose the pop culture scene in Japan is a testament to its ability to continually reinvent and reinterpret its traditions. Of course, it only ever reinvents itself for the Japanese market, and as we know from Japanese dramas, Japanese Horror, and J-Pop, that’s not too much.

But after all the time I’ve lived here, I still find this slightly wacky side of Japan exciting. It’s not just the people who come on holiday to experience it who get to enjoy it!

14. Con: Limited career advancement for foreigners

Japan’s job market is highly competitive and can be challenging for non-Japanese individuals seeking career growth. While many multinational companies in Japan actively recruit foreign talent, some traditional Japanese companies will definitely have more rigid structures and cultural barriers that can hinder career progression for foreigners.

Of course, language can also be a significant barrier to career advancement unless you’re teaching English.

That said, it’s not impossible to advance in your career in Japan as a foreigner. Networking, seeking out international or English-speaking companies, and continually improving your language skills can help overcome some of these barriers.

One area I know from researching and going to networking events myself that’s always actively hiring is the developer field. So if you’re a front-end engineer or fancy learning some of the in-demand languages, head over to Tokyo Dev to secure your dream job! 😉

15. Pro: Excellent education system

I didn’t go to school in Japan, but my partner did in her early years so I can attest to how good it is during that period. In the higher years, things get a bit more complicated but that’s a discussion for another day.

Another noteworthy aspect is the focus on character education, teaching values such as respect, responsibility, and diligence alongside academic subjects. This holistic approach aims to develop well-rounded individuals who contribute positively to society, and one way we can see that this has worked is through Japan’s clean streets.

For expatriates with families, Japan’s education system offers international schools with English-language instruction, ensuring that children can receive a quality education even if they are not fluent in Japanese. While that sounds like a good option, particularly in a child’s later years, the fees can be absolutely huge!

16. Con: High population density in urban areas

One of the significant drawbacks of living in Japan, particularly in its urban areas, is the high population density. This is something I’ve experienced first-hand and is a characteristic that can have both practical and lifestyle implications.

Japan is known for being crowded, and cities like Tokyo and Osaka are among the most densely populated in the world. As a result, the living spaces in these areas can be compact, and real estate prices can be relatively high, which may limit your housing options.

Additionally, the high population density can lead to crowded public transportation during rush hours (they literally hire people to squeeze you into the trains), longer commutes, and more people at attractions or using local services.

On the bright side, Japan’s urban areas are known for their efficiency, convenience, and access to a wide range of amenities and services. While high population density can present challenges, it’s also an integral part of what makes Japanese cities vibrant and dynamic. For many, the benefits of urban living in Japan outweigh the drawbacks, but it’s a factor to consider when contemplating a move to the country.

17. Pro: Clean Cities

A fantastic pro of living in Japan is the cleanliness of its streets and cities. This is an aspect of daily life that I’ve found particularly refreshing during my time here. The UK on the other hand really isn’t known for being clean…

Japanese cities are renowned for their cleanliness, orderliness, and impeccable public spaces. You’ll often encounter well-maintained streets, parks, and public facilities. Littering is uncommon, and there’s a strong cultural emphasis on keeping public areas clean.

And all of this with practically 0 public trash cans. It’s honestly very impressive, and you kind of get used to carrying rubbish around with you until you happen upon one or you get back home.

18. Con: Limited acceptance of diversity

Japan is a relatively homogeneous society, with a strong emphasis on cultural and social conformity. As a result, foreigners, particularly those who visibly stand out due to their ethnicity, may sometimes experience a sense of being different or even face discrimination. While overt discrimination is not prevalent, subtle forms of bias can exist.

I should point out that I’ve never encountered anything like this, but a number of people I know have done. It’s easy to see how this can sometimes lead to feelings of isolation or exclusion, especially in more rural or less cosmopolitan areas. It can also affect employment opportunities and social interactions.

19. Pro: Efficient public services

I bet you’ve heard about this one before! If you’re looking for a day-to-day life with convenient public transport links and a reliable way of getting around, this is a great reason to live in Japan. And to be fair, the majority of Japan’s public services are pretty darn efficient too.

Japanese public services are of course well known for their reliability and effectiveness. Everything from transportation systems to healthcare and government services operates with a high level of efficiency. For example, trains and buses run on precise schedules, and public infrastructure is well-maintained.

The healthcare system, as we’ve talked about, is also marked by efficiency with short waiting times for appointments and a focus on preventive care. Access to medical services, even in rural areas, is generally readily available.

However Government services, like things to do with visas and taxes, have always been very friendly and helpful, but are often tripped up by red tape and mountains of pointless paperwork. I’d say it’s one of the only public services that’s really not efficient.

20. Con: Complex and hierarchical social norms

Living in Japan, I’ve experienced the complexities and hierarchical nature of its social norms, which can be both intriguing and challenging aspects of daily life.

Japanese society is characterized by a set of intricate social customs and hierarchies that dictate behavior in various contexts. These norms can sometimes be difficult for foreigners to fully grasp and navigate. For example, there are specific rules for gift-giving, greetings, and interactions in business settings that may not be immediately intuitive. Business settings for example, are something I still have no idea about after living in Japan for the past year.

Hierarchy plays a significant role in Japanese culture, with age, status, and seniority often determining your position in social and professional relationships. This can affect communication styles and decision-making processes. It’s essential to be aware of and respect these hierarchies to build positive relationships and avoid unintended cultural misunderstandings.

However, many Japanese people are understanding and forgiving of cultural differences, and efforts to learn and respect these social norms are often appreciated, especially if you’re a foreigner.

21. Pro: Strong work ethic

Ok, depending on what this refers to, it could technically be a con as well…

If you work for a Western company and love the work you do, then one of the significant pros of living in Japan is the strong work ethic prevalent in the culture. Japanese professionals are known for their dedication, diligence, and commitment to their jobs. This work ethic is evident in the emphasis on punctuality, reliability, and putting in extra effort to ensure the success of projects and companies.

Japanese employees take pride in their roles and often collaborate effectively to achieve common goals. This spirit of cooperation fosters a productive work environment and creates a strong sense of camaraderie among colleagues.

However, I can understand that through this constant sense of ‘teamwork’ it may be hard to move up within a company, and promotions might be based on the time you’ve spent there as opposed to the work you’ve done.

22. Con: Difficulties in obtaining permanent residency

Living in Japan comes with a particular challenge, especially for expatriates: the intricate and demanding process of obtaining permanent residency (PR) or long-term visas.

Japan maintains rigorous immigration policies governing the issuance of PR and long-term visas to foreign residents. These policies entail meeting stringent criteria, such as income thresholds, duration of residence, and contributions to Japanese society.

I’m fairly certain you can get permanent residence if you’ve got a skilled visa in as little as a year, but I don’t imagine this is all that common.

23. Pro: Unique festivals and traditions

Japan boasts a frequently busy calendar of festivals, each offering a distinct and vibrant cultural experience. These festivals often celebrate ancient traditions, seasonal changes, or historical events, and they provide a window into Japan’s history and heritage.

From the dazzling cherry blossom festivals (hanami) in spring to the lively summer festivals (matsuri) with traditional dances and vibrant parades, there is no shortage of celebrations to enjoy throughout the year. Participating in these festivals will allow you to forge connections with local communities, experience the warmth of Japanese hospitality, and gain insights into the country’s customs and values.

As I live in a homestay with a Japanese family, I’ve been lucky enough to experience most of these events throughout my time here. The matsuri in particular makes the summer heat a lot more bearable!

24. Con: Air pollution in some urban areas

Again, this could be true of any country, but as Tokyo is the biggest city in the world, it’s certainly possible you’ll experience it here as well.

For individuals with respiratory conditions or sensitivities, or those who are particularly concerned about air quality, this can be a significant drawback to living in certain urban areas of Japan. It’s advisable to research specific cities or regions to understand their air quality conditions, as this can vary widely throughout the country.

I’ll be honest, I’ve seen and been affected by far worse air quality conditions on my 3-week holiday to China than I’ve ever been in my year living in Japan. So, while this could be an issue, it’s not likely to affect you as badly as other places in the world.

25. Pro: Politeness and respect in society

Politeness and respect are deeply ingrained in Japanese culture, and it’s evident in the way people interact with one another. We’ve talked before about how this starts from a young age in schools, and it’s evident to see that it continues into adulthood.

Common courtesies like bowing, using honorific language, and demonstrating patience and consideration in public spaces are everyday norms. This contributes to a sense of order and harmony in society and absolutely makes living in Japan a pleasure.

In Japanese society, there is a strong emphasis on maintaining positive relationships and minimizing conflict. People tend to be conscientious and mindful of others, which enhances the overall sense of safety and well-being in the community.

26. Con: Bureaucracy

The paperwork… SO MUCH PAPERWORK!

Japan has a complex bureaucratic system, and navigating it can sometimes be time-consuming and challenging, especially for expatriates who may not be familiar with the intricacies of the system or have the language skills to navigate it effectively.

Whether it’s obtaining a visa, dealing with tax matters, or even basic administrative tasks, individuals may find themselves facing layers of paperwork, numerous requirements, and sometimes (often…) confusing procedures.

Also, many official documents and processes are conducted in Japanese, and even those available in English may not cover all aspects.

However, it’s worth noting that there are support services and resources available to help expatriates navigate the bureaucratic landscape, including assistance from expat communities, relocation agencies, and local government offices.

Friends of mine who live in Shibuya say there’s an English translator service, so I suppose all hope is not lost!

27. Pro: Access to hot springs (onsen)

You’re damn right I’m putting this as one of the reasons you should live in Japan!

Japan is blessed with a wealth of natural geothermal springs, and onsen can be found throughout the country, from rural areas to cities. These hot springs are celebrated for their healing properties, relaxation benefits, and the natural settings in which they are often located.

Enjoying an onsen experience is not only a way to relax after a hard day’s work but also a cultural tradition deeply rooted in Japanese society. Many people visit onsen regularly to de-stress, improve their skin, and alleviate muscle aches and pains.

Whether you’re living in a rural area with access to a local onsen or residing in a city with nearby onsen facilities, the opportunity to enjoy them is a cherished perk of living in Japan for many, myself included!

28. Con: Expensive healthcare

We briefly talked about this earlier on in the article as a Pro, but the reality is that the Japanese healthcare system can come under the pros and cons of living in Japan. For instance, it’s expensive compared to what I’m used to from the UK, but in reality, it’s actually very reasonably priced for people who’ve lived in other parts of the world.

Japan has a universal healthcare system that provides residents with access to high-quality medical care. However, medical costs in Japan, even for routine check-ups or minor treatments, can be substantial compared to some other countries. If you haven’t signed up for the national insurance then this is definitely going to be the case, but if you have, then you’ll only need to pay 30%.

Often, you’ll be able to have this paid through your employer, but if you’re working self-employed or for a company that doesn’t offer this then you’re still going to have to budget for it each month.

29. Pro: Well-maintained parks and gardens

This might seem like a bit of an odd reason to move to Japan, but hear me out. There’s something incredibly relaxing about having a large number of green spaces like Keitakuen Park in Osaka, within walking distance all the time.

Japan is renowned for its thoughtfully designed green spaces, which range from tranquil traditional gardens to expansive urban parks. These areas are carefully landscaped, featuring harmoniously arranged plants, trees, and soothing water features. They serve as peaceful sanctuaries even in the midst of bustling cities like Tokyo or Kyoto.

These well-maintained parks and gardens offer more than just greenery; they provide a respite from the urban environment, offering a stunning backdrop for leisurely strolls, picnics, or quiet moments of contemplation. Furthermore, they often serve as the focal points for seasonal events and cultural festivals, bringing vibrancy and a sense of community to residents’ lives.

For those living in Japan, the presence of these areas offers a chance to reconnect with nature, promote a healthy lifestyle, and find solace amid the hustle and bustle of city life. As far as I’m concerned, that’s reason enough to move!

30. Con: Limited availability of vegetarian and vegan options

As a vegan, I can attest to how hard this is. It’s really annoying to find something you think you can earn and then realize that of course it’s got dashi in it…

Traditional Japanese cuisine heavily relies on seafood, meat, and dairy products, making it challenging to find a wide variety of vegetarian and vegan dishes in many restaurants and eateries. While larger cities like Tokyo and Kyoto have seen an increase in vegetarian and vegan-friendly establishments, these options can still be relatively limited compared to other parts of the world.

Even when vegetarian or vegan dishes are available, there may be a lack of understanding among restaurant staff regarding dietary restrictions, potentially leading to cross-contamination or unintended inclusion of animal-derived ingredients.

I’ve had many occasions where I’ve successfully managed to ask whether something has fish, meat, dairy, or eggs in it, and then after they said no, they say something like ‘Oh, but it does have fish stock, but that’s ok?’. It’s often a difficult task to find out once and for all whether something is or isn’t vegan/vegetarian friendly.

Check out The Japanese Rose if you’re interested in finding out more about living in Japan as a vegan or vegetarian.

31. Pro: Opportunities for language learning

There’s no better way to learn the language, and for some people, this is likely to be one of the biggest pros of moving to Japan.

If you’re looking to jump in at the deep end, this is the way! While English proficiency is growing, especially in urban areas, Japanese remains the primary language for daily communication and work. Living in Japan provides a daily opportunity to practice and improve your language skills through real-life interactions, whether it’s ordering food, shopping, or engaging in conversations with locals.

In addition to the immersive experience, Japan boasts a robust education system with language schools and programs designed for foreign learners of all levels. These schools offer structured courses to help you gain proficiency in Japanese, from basic conversation skills to advanced topics like business Japanese.

If you’re looking to develop your language abilities, Japan is a fantastic place to be, offering countless opportunities to enhance your skills and connect more deeply with the local culture.

32. Con: High competition for job opportunities

One of the cons of living in Japan is the high level of competition for job opportunities, especially in certain industries and sectors. Found a cool job in Japan that doesn’t require you to know Japanese? Yeah that’s very likely to have a lot of competition

On the flip side, if you’re applying for a job that does require you to know Japanese, you better hope your skills are good enough to compete. Many Japanese companies place a strong emphasis on hiring candidates who are fluent in the Japanese language, which can be a significant barrier for non-native speakers.

While Japan offers a wealth of job opportunities, particularly in its larger cities, it’s essential for job seekers to be prepared for intense competition and to differentiate themselves through relevant skills, experience, and language proficiency. Networking and building professional relationships can also play a crucial role in navigating the competitive job market and securing desired positions.

From my personal experience of trying to get a job in Japan, specializing in a certain field, and networking have been the two best things I’ve done. Out of those two, I would say networking at actual physical events was number one.

33. Pro: Efficient waste management

There’s a reason Japan looks so clean, and that’s thanks in part to its waste management system.

Residents are required to sort their trash meticulously into categories such as burnable, non-burnable, recyclables, and more. This strict adherence to waste separation helps minimize environmental impact and reduces the amount of waste sent to landfills.

It’s hilariously counterintuitive in some ways, the amount of packaging this country uses is laughable, yet they have such intense waste management rules. At the end of the day, virtually none of this ends up on the street, and on the whole, residents do their part.

Living in the UK and Japan both have their unique advantages and disadvantages. As someone who has lived next to Tokyo for a long while, as well as spending extended periods of time in London and its surrounding countryside earlier in my life, I can confidently say that each experience has taught me more about each country and whether you should live there.

For the benefit of this article, I will be comparing my experiences living between these two cities to help you decide which one is the best fit for your lifestyle.

I’ll be discussing topics such as cost of living, safety, convenience, culture, entertainment, and more – all with a focus on the Tokyo vs London (and Japan vs UK in general) comparison. So if you’re looking to move abroad or just want some insight into life between these two amazing cities then keep reading!

Why should you trust me?

I’ve lived in the UK for basically my entire life, and now I live in Japan. Add to that, I write about Japan for a living and spend practically every hour of every day researching the country. If someone knows the difference between these two countries, I like to think I’m fairly high on that list!

Oh, and in case you want to know the difference between living in the US vs Japan, I’ve done that as well.

Are you considering making the move? Take my “Should you move to Japan” quiz to find out if it’s the right choice for you!

Work-Life Balance

England

England is often thought of as a land of opportunity when it comes to work, and I can vouch for that having lived near London for 25 years. In England, most people get around 28 days of paid vacation a year, though it can be less or more depending on the job you’re in and how long you’ve been in it for.

Working from home is also a popular option in many parts of the UK, especially recently. It’s often written as one of the benefits for potential employees on job sites – though I don’t know how far I agree with that logic. If not, I’ve also seen a lot of hybrid work situations pop up recently too.

Many companies promote flexible working hours to give employees the opportunity to balance their work and personal life. This sort of flexibility is great because it allows people to take care of their family (if they have those kinds of responsibilities) without having to compromise on their careers.

In England, the average work week is around 40 hours. This can vary depending on the industry you’re in and what kind of job you have. However, many employers are now more flexible with their working hours to give employees a better work-life balance.

As a result, many people in England are able to enjoy social activities outside of work such as catching up with friends and exploring new hobbies without feeling too much pressure from long working days.

That last part is something Japan hasn’t exactly figured out yet.

Japan

When it comes to work-life balance, Japan is not quite as generous as England. Japanese people typically get around 10 days of paid vacation per year plus public holidays. This number can vary depending on the job and how long you have been in it, but usually, it doesn’t exceed 20 days of total holiday leave.

But even though they have the time off, many people in Japan feel pressured by their company (or society) not to take them. That is the problem with work-life balance in Japan and the reason a lot of people spend more time at work, and less time at home.

Obviously, this depends on who you work for, but sadly it’s a fact across the majority of the board.

Your amount of vacation days increases as you gain more experience in your job. Here is the breakdown according to Japan-Dev:

– After working for 6 months, you receive 10 vacation days.

– After working for 1.5 years, you receive 11 vacation days.

– After working for 2.5 years, you receive 12 vacation days.

– After working for 3.5 years, you receive 14 vacation days.

– After working for 4.5 years, you receive 16 vacation days.

– After working for 5.5 years, you receive 18 vacation days.

– After working for 6.5 years and beyond, you receive 20 vacation days per year.

If you’re reading this and considering working as an ALT, you’ll absolutely be expected to come in after school hours, on weekends, and in the holidays. While technically that’s your own time, it wouldn’t surprise me if you felt some amount of pressure to join in with everyone.

Working from home has become a lot more common in the last few years, but it still isn’t as widespread as it is in England.

The concept of ‘karoshi’ or death from overwork is unfortunately still a thing here too. It’s a huge problem in Japan, and it’s something that needs to be addressed as soon as possible.

However, there are a few companies and organizations that have started to embrace flexible working hours and other measures to promote work-life balance in the workplace. Hopefully, this will eventually become more widespread throughout the country and help improve the overall quality of life for Japanese people.

Overall, while there is still room for improvement, England definitely has a better work-life balance in my opinion.

Salaries

England

For those living and working in England, salaries can vary depending on the industry you work in and what kind of job you have. Generally speaking, wages are higher than in other parts of Europe and competitive with most developed countries. Salaries tend to be lower for entry-level positions but increase as experience in a particular field grows.

It also depends on where in England you work. For instance, if we compare Tokyo vs London, the results will be completely different from picking out another part of the country.

The UK has one of the highest minimum wage rates in Europe at £10.42 per hour for people aged 25 or over (as of April 2023). This rate is significantly higher than most European countries including Germany, France, and Spain which all have minimum wage rates below €10 per hour.

In addition to this, many employers offer additional benefits such as health insurance, pension contributions, or childcare vouchers which can help make life more affordable for workers. If you’re going for a tech job or something in London, you’ll likely receive these as part of your compensation package.

In terms of overall salary levels across different sectors, there is quite a bit of variation. For example, jobs that require specialized skills such as engineering or IT often pay much better than jobs that don’t require any qualifications such as retail or hospitality roles.

Similarly, certain jobs in finance and banking offer considerably higher salaries compared to others like manufacturing or construction, where wages tend to be lower due to the nature of the work.

In terms of salary growth, wages have been steadily increasing over the years as employers compete to attract and retain talent.

Japan

Japan has far lower salaries than England. Despite the recent hike in Japan’s minimum wage, salaries are still comparatively low when compared to those in the UK.

In certain areas of Japan, I have seen adult salaries as low as ¥961 an hour (Japan’s minimum wage in 2022 works out at $7.18) which is much lower than the UK minimum wage of £10.42 ($12.94) an hour (or around ¥1,729.53).

In terms of wage growth, Japan has not seen as much improvement in recent years. Over the last 30 years, wages have grown just 5%, far below the global average of 35%. However, this seems to be changing as of 2023.

Cost of Living

England

Discussing the cost of living in Japan vs UK is a tough one because the reality depends on what your life entails. For instance, train travel in the Uk is disgustingly expensive, but cereal is dirt cheap in comparison.

I’d say it does tend to depend on where you live in the UK, but in general, it’s more expensive.

Japan

Train travel in Japan is dirt cheap (I don’t care what anyone tells you) for what it is. Eating out is cheap, buying food is a little more expensive depending on what you get, and everything else is fairly relevant to your lifestyle.

For instance, if you’re spending most of your time buying food from the local konbini, you’re sacrificing cheaper deals for convenience.

In any case, make sure you’ve got your absolutely epic wise card if you’re going to do any spending!

Culture

England

The UK is a nation of diverse cultures, languages, and religions. Its diversity is one of the main things I loved about living there.

British culture values politeness and courtesy above all else. Saying ‘please’ and ‘thank you’ are essential parts of the language, even when speaking to strangers. Punctuality is also important in England, so it’s considered rude to be late for an appointment or a meeting.

It is also common to shake hands with people when you meet them for the first time or when you part ways after a meeting. This is seen as a sign of respect and politeness.

Japan

In some ways, the culture of Japan and the UK are incredibly similar. Both countries are exceptionally polite and hold respect and punctuality above most else. Though, Japan may edge out in terms of their punctuality.

It is almost a point of pride for many Japanese to make sure that they never arrive late for anything. The trains are a prime example of this!

However, Japan does have its own unique culture which may take some getting used to. For instance, bowing instead of shaking hands when you meet someone is very common in Japan and a sign of respect. In addition to this, the Japanese language has its own set of customs and etiquette which are important to observe. Though, the UK and Japan both have certain appropriate times for using formal or informal language.

One of the bigger differences, and perhaps one of the challenges I faced when moving out here was how everyone keeps themselves to themselves.

In some circumstances that’s great, but other times I certainly do miss chatting with random strangers about things as mundane as the weather. That said, it will likely differ depending on where you’re moving to in Japan or the UK, and what your social circle is like.

In Japan, order and hierarchy are also very important in many aspects of life. This can be seen in the way people speak, dress and interact with each other. It is important to be aware of these rules so as not to offend or embarrass anyone while in Japan. Though, as a foreigner, you’ll often be excused from not being 100% right, despite the length of time you’ve lived out here for.

Overall, while the UK and Japan may have many similarities, they also have their own unique cultures which are worth exploring! Understanding these differences is key to ensuring you get the most out of your trip or life in either country.

Public Transportation

England

Public transportation in the UK is more expensive than it is in Japan. For example, a single bus fare can cost as much as £10 ($12.63) and a train ticket from London to Manchester can cost as much as £173 ($219) or more…

In addition to this, public transport in the UK can be unreliable and inefficient at times. This is especially true in rural areas where trains and buses are less frequent and sometimes don’t turn up at all. Take it from someone who missed several buses on the way to school years ago…

It’s incredibly frustrating and inconvenient, with people waiting up to an hour for a bus that may never show or just drive right past you if it’s full!

The UK is also behind other countries in terms of the cleanliness of its public transportation system. The country is more car-centric than many of its European counterparts and definitely, Japan too, and this has led to a reliance on road travel which causes everyone to pretty much forget about public transport

Japan

I love Japanese public transport, and I think you’d struggle to find someone who doesn’t agree with me. It’s clean, fast, and efficient.

The most popular mode of transport in Japan is the train, which runs almost 24/7 on some routes. The Shinkansen bullet trains are one of the fastest ways to get from city to city, reaching high speeds of up to 320 km/h (200 mph). They’ve also got a famous Japanese sleeper train which isn’t fast, but it’s so flipping cool!

There are a variety of other forms of transportation available including buses, taxis, and ferries. Buses are perhaps my second most used form of public transport since moving to Japan from the UK, and just as reliable as trains.

People always suggest that transport in Japan is expensive, but compared to the UK and near where I lived just outside London, I don’t think that’s the case at all. Japan is much cheaper than the UK and it actually gives people the incentive and the means to go on day trips and be an active part of the tourism economy.

Education

England

Schooling begins at age 3-4 when children attend preschool, or nursery, and continues throughout primary school which ends at age 11. After this comes to secondary school, which starts at age 11 and ends at 18.

University tuition fees are a big issue in the UK, with universities charging around £9000 ($11,400) per year for undergraduate courses. It’s a lot of money, but I’m still glad I did mine for three years. Though my future self may think differently with the rate of interest the government adds on!

The curriculum is also quite rigid and tends to focus on traditional academic subjects such as math, science, and English. This means that students in the UK may not be given much opportunity to explore a range of subjects or develop any practical skills.

Japan

Education in Japan is highly valued, and there are very high expectations placed on children from an early age. We know one main benefit of those high expectations is incredibly clean streets and, in general, more respect.

Education begins at age 5 with compulsory attendance of elementary school through to grade 6 when they complete junior high school. After this comes high school, which lasts until age 18 when students graduate.

University tuition fees in Japan are also much more affordable than in the UK, with some universities charging around $5000 a year for undergraduate courses. This is still expensive compared to other countries but much cheaper than most British universities.

The curriculum is quite broad and includes a range of traditional academic subjects but also focuses on practical skills. This means that students in Japan can develop both their academic knowledge as well as their practical skills which can be beneficial for future employment opportunities.

Food

England

This is a really subjective one, and honestly, I’ve found that I love both Japanese and English food.

English food, and eating in general is nowhere near as convenient as it is in Japan. Bigger supermarkets may stay open until 10:00 pm, but rarely are they 24 hours.

It’s also quite a bit more oily than Japanese food and that’s something I didn’t realize until I lived in here. That said, I could still do with a chip butty from time to time…

Japan

Japan on the other hand has thousands of Konbini selling Japanese snacks and food 24 hours a day. There are slightly fewer ‘sweet’ style foods and far fewer chocolate options than there are in the UK.

However, after living in Japan for 6months, I realized there actually was quite a lot of ‘sweet’ food, it’s just not done in the same way that it was in the UK. For instance, I really miss those fizzy gummy sweets, and Japan doesn’t have any kind of pick n mix which is a bit of a shame.

On the flip side, they have strawberry cream sandwiches and more cakes than I could ever dream of – so once again it comes down to preference!

Just remember to give yourself some time to adapt, and you’ll be fine 🙂

Safety

England

Safety in England is generally very good, though a lot of that has to do with where you live and how you act. People tend to feel relatively safe walking around at night, and most people don’t encounter any issues when traveling on public transport.

Once again, it comes down to your location. When I lived in London there were a number of times when I didn’t feel safe, and the thought of getting the night bus home didn’t even cross my mind.

Afterward, when I lived more in the countryside, it was completely different. Make sure to do your research beforehand, but the countrysides are generally more likely to be safer than cities.

Japan

In terms of safety, Japan is statistically very safe. It’s one of the safest countries in the world and it’s rare to hear about any kind of violent crime happening (though of course, it still does).

One of the biggest differences I’ve noticed since living in Japan is the lack of theft. People fall asleep with laptops and phones in their hands, and no one bats an eyelid.

It’s common for people to leave computers at cafe tables while they go to the toilet, and feel more than confident that they won’t get taken. I’m not quite at that level, but I feel completely happy walking around with a camera, phone, and computer at the same time.

In 2022, the citizens of Tokyo handed in a ridiculously large ¥3bn in cash, that’s around $30m. How crazy is that?

Healthcare

England

The NHS is spectacular, and after living in Japan I still believe it’s the best system in the world. It’s free for all citizens and gives you easy to access doctors, prescriptions, and hospital visits without having to worry about the cost.

At just £9.65 ($12.03) per prescription, it’s pretty damn good value as far as I’m concerned. The only slight problem I found while I lived in the UK was getting into a dentist. All the NHS slots seemed to have been taken which meant I needed to go private.

Even so, it still wasn’t too pricey.

Japan

Japan has a great healthcare system as well, though the main difference is that it’s not free for everyone. You have to register with the local government and then pay into their insurance scheme, which usually costs around ¥20,000 ($190) a year.

That said, the amount you actually pay is completely based on your income level. If you’re self-employed and not earning that much, take a trip down to the local government ward office and explain your situation. I’ve always found everyone down there extremely helpful!

In terms of doctors’ appointments, these are usually quite cheap and reasonably accessible (depending on where you live).

In Japan, if you’ve correctly signed up for the national health insurance scheme, you’ll be responsible for paying 30% of the fees, and the government will pay the remaining 70%.

Thankfully I haven’t had to claim this or figure it out firsthand, but I’ve heard from others that it makes things more than affordable. If you’re coming over from the US, I imagine it would seem fantastically cheap!

Wildlife

England

England is full of wildlife, and it’s one of the main reasons I loved living in the UK. Everywhere you go there are birds singing, and squirrels scurrying around looking for food.

It’s not uncommon to see rabbits, deer, and foxes depending on where you live as well. Everywhere feels alive, and luckily none of those animals are deadly.

Japan

Japan, on the other hand, doesn’t seem as alive in the wildlife department. I mean this more in terms of the residential wildlife, where I’ve seen maybe 1 tanuki, a few birds, and a couple of neighborhood cats. That’s it!

In terms of actually dangerous animals, Japan is home to a few species that be deadly. The biggest one is the Japanese Giant Hornet which has a nasty sting and can cause anaphylactic shock if you’re allergic.

There’s also a massive centipede that I can’t even face doing research into (a smaller centipede landed on my head earlier this week…), and mountain bears. It definitely has a far larger array of wildlife and way more to be careful around when it comes to the UK vs Japan.

Entertainment 

England

When it comes to entertainment, England certainly has a few options. There’s a cinema in most towns, as well as fun activities like escape rooms and, most recently, axe-throwing (never tried it, but sounds fun!).

Pub culture here is quite prevalent. Almost every town has a pub or two, some have a more ‘local’ feeling, and others are more of a general hang-out place.

Have you ever even been on a pub crawl if you haven’t been to Wetherspoons?…

Japan

In Japan, entertainment is turned up to 11. Karaoke bars are a must-do, and there are plenty of arcades where you can try your luck at the claw machine. If not, try a puri kura, take a trip to a gacha gacha spot, or perhaps grab a spot of lunch in a cat cafe.

If that’s not your thing, wander down to your local izakaya for a chilled-out drink with the locals and some karaage!

Perhaps due to the culture or maybe the huge amount of entertainment options available, it’s a far more social scene than it is in the UK. It’s not unusual to see groups of friends heading to the arcades, or couples going on dates to the gacha gacha machines.

It’s hard to explain unless you’ve come over to Japan on holiday and experienced it firsthand. Once you have, you’ll know exactly what all the hype is about.

Drinking Culture and Alcohol

England

When talking about living in the UK vs Japan, the UK is definitely a place where drinking culture is… big. It’s not unusual to hear people talk about ‘going out for drinks’ after work or on the weekends, and it’s considered perfectly normal to stop at your local pub for a pint or two.

Alcohol consumption here isn’t necessarily seen as binge drinking, but more as a socially accepted past-time with friends.

I was never to huge into the scene, but would certainly go to the pub with a few friends on the odd occasion. Going out clubbing was fairly popular with the younger crowd, though going to a pub is far more pleasant because I can actually hear people. Though, I might just be getting old…

Japan

In Japan, it looks a little different on the outside, but given a closer look things are a lot more similar. Drinking is certainly still accepted and popular (just take one look at the selection of beers in any convenience store), but it’s a lot less open than it is in the UK. Some have suggested that behind closed doors, Japan has a drinking problem that it can’t admit.

I can’t shed too much light on how true that article is, but after Japan’s government pretty much told its youth to ‘Drink up‘, it wouldn’t be surprising.

It’s also worth referencing the prevalence of shops that specifically sell alcohol. So instead of popping to Tesco to grab a few beers, you’ll go to a shop that stocks loads of different types of alcohol as well as snacks specifically made for pairing with your drinks.

Driving

England

I don’t know much about driving, but I know that it’s expensive. You have to take lessons, pass a test and buy insurance. Plus gas isn’t exactly cheap either. All those things add up, and that’s the main reason I never owned a car.

The UK is more geared towards driving, and most people would likely pick it as their method of transport. Learning to drive will see people straight onto the road, and can be done as part of a longer-term intensive course, or single lessons.

Again, the price of those lessons is constantly rising, and laws are changing, so if you’re considering driving in the UK then make sure to do your own research beforehand.

Japan

While a lot of people drive in Japan, the country as a whole is more set up for public transport.

It’s likely going to be hard to buy a car in Japan unless you’re fluent in Japanese or have a friend who is. And if you do end up buying one, it’s probably going to be a kei car!

In terms of learning to drive in Japan, it’s not uncommon for it to cost $3-4K, though if you’re just looking to switch licenses from your home country to Japan it’ll likely be less. The failure rate is higher for those looking to switch due to the bad habits they’ve picked up, so be prepared that you may not pass on your first go.

Weather

England

England is known for its unpredictable weather. You never know what kind of day you might have when you wake up in the morning. Will it be a brilliantly sunny day, or will it be grey and miserable? It’s impossible to predict.

The seasons here vary greatly as well. In the winter months, temperatures can drop to freezing and snow is not hugely uncommon. The summers, meanwhile, are typically mild but can be quite warm at times. And we do love to introduce a good old hose pipe ban!

The thing is, none of this ever lasts that long. In winter I’m left thinking ‘Is that it?’ with regards to the half a day of sleet we might get. Summers seem to go on longer, but even still, they aren’t massively hot like in other parts of the world.

Japan

Japan seems to have more absolute seasons. Winter in Japan is usually filled with an abundance of snow (because Japan is the snowiest place in the world), and summer is normally horrifically humid, especially if you’re nearer to Tokyo.

In fact, Japan has 74 micro seasons, so it’s no surprise that I think they’re more prominent here than in England. I’m currently anxiously waiting for Summer to properly start, and from what I’ve been told, I’m not going to like it…

Housing

England

The housing market in England varies greatly depending on where you are looking to live. In London, housing is much more expensive than it is in other parts of the country, while rental costs in many rural areas are quite low. The cost of buying a house in the UK also differs depending on location, but generally, prices have been increasing steadily over the past few years.

Buying property for investment purposes is likely going to be a better idea in the UK if you can afford it. The housing market has provided historically decent returns (not advice), and it’s a way that a lot of people chose to invest in real estate. Japan, on the other hand, doesn’t do too well in that regard.

Japan

According to My Life Elsewhere, living in Tokyo is 67% cheaper than living in London. I don’t rent in either London or Tokyo so I can’t confirm or deny it, but what I do know is that space is a big issue in Tokyo. While finding an affordable house in London vs Tokyo is likely to be a big challenge, Tokyo suffers from even less space than its English counterpart.

From my brief look into rental prices in Japan’s capital, the prices did seem a little more affordable, at least for what you’re getting. However, renting in Japan comes with a whole host of potential issues and complications, though that’s a story for another day.

Looking for a cheap house in Japan for under $50k? Cheap Houses Japan is worth checking out. The guy who runs the incredibly popular Instagram page sends through a newsletter with the best of what Japan has to offer in terms of cheap accommodation. Some of them are under $10k, and while they do need a little TLC, they’re perfect for living out your Studio Ghibli-inspired dreams!

Job opportunities

England

In England, the job market is competitive and finding a job can be. That said, there are plenty of opportunities out there and you’ll usually find something suitable if you keep an open mind and look around. The pay is higher than in Japan, but also taxes are higher as well, so make sure to research them before choosing a place to live.

London is a great place to work if you’re in tech, or finance for that matter. It’s home to a lot of different startups (something not so common in Japan) and bigger international companies.

Japan

As we discussed earlier on, Japan seems to be stuck on a low minimum wage and that’s not good for anyone. That said, if you’re coming over to Japan, the chances are high that you’ll end up being an English teacher which pays fairly decently (though requires an intense commitment).

If you’re looking to become a translator or work in IT, or finance, you’ll probably be compensated well. If you end up working in a shop or doing work that perhaps doesn’t require further qualification, you won’t be making too much extra cash. But if you’re running out of cash, here are 20 ways to make extra money in Japan.

UK vs Japan: Which is better?

For me, there is no winner. I love both countries equally, but in this part of my life at least for the moment, Japan wins. That’s not to say that I’ll feel this way in even a year’s time, but it’s important to decide what you value the most and go with your gut.

I have no idea where my forever country will be, but I’m thoroughly enjoying my time in Japan, and highly encourage anyone else considering making the move to do so!